1 thought on “What are the "most" culture of Chinese coins?”
Cecilia
There are many "most coins" in my country's long history.
1. The earliest coin in China
Our ancestors of the original society were originally used to exchange objects as a means of commodity exchange. However, with the continuous development of productivity, more and more remaining items are increasing, and the types of exchanges are continuously increasing, and physical exchange seems not convenient. From the beginning, it is necessary to use some natural objects as a means to exchange goods. Because the shell itself has a natural unit, and it is lightweight and easy to carry. At the same time, in the primitive society, the ancestors have already used shells as decorations and are familiar with it. Therefore, it can be said that Bei is the earliest currency in my country. Natural shells are used to start. In the future, artificially manufactured bone shellfish, stone shells, pottery and copper shells.
2. The earliest gold coins in China
Minic in business and weekly, but the first gold was used as an decoration or a reward, a gift, a gift, a gift of. In our country, gold as a currency should be the earliest.
The golden version of this golden version looks like a piece of tofu, with many marks on it, including "郢爰", "Chen 爰", "鬲爰", etc. Need to be temporarily cut off. Because most of the imprints on the gold version are "郢爰", it is called "郢爰 郢爰" or "郢爰 郢爰 cake". These marks are the same as seal, and later some people called it "Yinzijin".
3. The earliest silver coins in China
The autumn of 1974, farmers in ancient city village in Fugou County, Henan Province found a three -legged belt covering copper tripod, inside, inside, inside There are 18 silver cloth coins, weighing 3072.9 grams. The silver coins are all shovel. According to the size of the cloth body, it can be divided into long, medium, and short type, of which the largest is 15.7 cm long, 5.8 cm wide, and weighs 188.1 grams; the smallest is 8.4 cm long, 5.8 cm wide, and weighs 134 grams. "China Coin" was introduced in the third issue of 1983. From the characteristics of styling and production, these silver cloth coins are the earliest silver currencies discovered in my country in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
4. The earliest unified bloom currency in China
The political situation in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, due to the political situation of vassals, caused imbalances in economic development in various places, and produced various characteristics of various characteristics The currency shape forms different types of currency circulation areas, which is basically four currency systems with different shapes, namely the shell currency system, the cloth currency system, the knife coin system and the money system.
Pholy Qin Shihuang unified China, abolished the knife, cloth, and shell, and money, reforming my country's monetary system, and promulgating the decree for this. "The Qin law is the same as the world, and the Qin currency is the same as the world." It stipulates that gold is the currency, and half two money is the lower coin. Gold is used for large payment or rewards, while half two dollars are daily currency. Qin Ban two "qualitative like Zhou Qian, the text is half or two, and it is like its text", which is the earliest unified border currency in my country.
5. The earliest golden square hole round money in China
The five baht gold coins unearthed under the north of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, its shape and common ones The five baht of the Western Han Dynasty is the same. The round square holes and the front and back of the money have contours. The diameter is 2.55 cm. According to the appraisal of coin experts, the casting time of this Western Han Dynasty five baht gold coins should be between Emperor Emperor Yuanxing and the Four years of the Emperor Xuan Emperor. It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Golden square hole round money.
6. The earliest silver square hole round money in China
two silver five baht unearthed from the sixth dynasties outside the Huangjiaying 5th Dynasties outside the Guanghua Gate of Nanjing. The baht may also be imitation in the Six Dynasties. It should be the earliest silver square hole round money in my country so far, which may be the burial coin.
7. The earliest iron money in China
The earlier iron coin historical data. The earliest iron money in my country was the iron five baht made by Gongsun in the late Western Han Dynasty. This is denied. After liberation, a large number of iron quality was unearthed in the ancient tombs of the Western Han Dynasty in Changsha, Hengyang, and Xi'an, Hunan, my country. , Fang Kong Wu Guo or Guo, its shape and weight are very similar to the four baht and half or half of the Emperor Wen. Therefore, it can be said that the early iron quality of this kind of Western Han Dynasty was the earliest iron money in my country.
8. The earliest lead money in China
The various lead money of tombs or cellars in all parts of our country, such as lead, lead money, lead quality Daquan fifty, lead quality five baht and so on. However, these lead money is either underworld, or the fake money for private privately, not the real official casting currency. my country's official casting lead money should be the earliest to know that the King of Fujian in the second year of Liang Zhenming (916) was the earliest. Three types of characters.
9. The earliest coin of China's error gold technology
Wang Mang carried out the first currency system reform in the second year (AD 7). In addition to the continued exercise of five baht, three new currencies were issued, namely Daquan fifty, deed knife five hundred, and one knife flat.
The shape of the five thousand flats is very similar to the current key. The money body consists of two parts: the knife ring and the handle. The three words of Ping Five Three, of which the word "one knife" is made by gold, commonly known as the "gold wrong knife", each worth five baht 5,000 yuan.
Thenian flat five thousand is the earliest use of my country, and it is also the only coin made of wrong gold technology. Because it is exquisite, strangely shaped, and scarce in the world, it is cherished by coin collectors. In ancient Chinese poetry, there are also a lot of praise for the "Golden Dao", such as Du Fu's poems: "Golden Words, Silver Pot Wine".
10. The most used coin in China
In July 1861, Emperor Qingxianfeng was in danger of avoiding the summer villa in Chengde, Rehe Wait for eight people to praise the Minister of Government and deal with state affairs. Soon, Emperor Xianfeng died of illness. The eight ministers followed the widow and supported Chun as the emperor. In the name of her and Ci'an, Cixi contacted Prince Gong Yixin, who was staying in Beijing at the time, launched a palace coup on September 30, arrested eight ministers, and executed three people such as Su Shun. This is the famous "Xinyi coup", also known as the "Qixiang coup". Soon, Cixi adopted a university scholar Zhou Zupei to discuss, abolished the "Qixiang" year, discontinued "Qixiang" money, switched to the "Tongzhi" year, and cast the "Tongzhi" coins. The "Qixiang" year was determined on July 26th of the 11th year of Xianfeng, but it was abolished on October 5 of that year. Only 69 days existing. coin.
11. The earliest year of the year in China
This use of the year of the Chinese emperor to start with the Emperor Western Han Dynasty, but the earliest money in history is Li Shou Hanyu money cast. Li Shou was the nephew of Li Te, the leader of the Western Jin Dynasty. In the four years of Xiankang (338) in Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was the emperor in Chengdu. The Hanxing Line can be divided into two ways in accordance with Qianwen: one is arranged up and down, commonly known as "erection of Hanxing" or "straight Hanxing", and the other is the left and right arrangement, commonly known as "Heng Hanxing".
12. The earliest national number in China and casting money
The king of the Xia Dynasty in 419 AD, the King of the Xia Kingdom, also unified (now Baichengzi, Jingbian, Shaanxi) , Change Yuan Zhenxing and cast "Daxia Zhenxing" money. Daxia Nai Guo, Zhenxing Nai Nian. "Daxia Zhenxing" money is the earliest coin in my country and the annual number of the country.
13. The earliest right hole round money in China
laes of Lingling's sages said: "Liu Bei pulled Chengdu, military use is insufficient, and Liu Ba said. : "Yi Er, but when you cast a hundred dollars, the price is flat. 'Prepare it. For a few months, the treasury is enriched." There is a kind of straight baht with the word "for" on the back. Liu Bei is cast in Sichuan. It is the earliest square hole round money in my country.
14. The earliest coin of China's earlier casting age
The Chinese coins have been cast in the back of the money back from the seventh year of Xiaozong, Southern Song Dynasty, and the seven years of Chunzhao The money casts a "面" on the back, and the eight years of money cast the word "捌" on the back of the money, all of which are capitalized. From nine years to a lowercase, until the sixteenth. This method continued until the end of the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, Chunxi ingot is the earliest coin in my country to cast the semi -year -olds.
15. The first year number of the Tang Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty
The people mistakenly believe that Kaiyuan Tongbao was the first annual money of the Tang Dynasty in my country. In fact, this was wrong. Kaiyuan was the year of Tang Xuanzong in 713 AD, and Kaiyuan Tongbao began to cast in the four years of Tang Gaozu Wud (621). The "Kaiyuan" in Kaiyuan Tongbao Qianwen is not the year, but the meaning of "opening a new era". So what is the first annual money in the Tang Dynasty? It is Qianfengquan, which was cast in the first year (666) of Tang Gaozong's Qianfeng (666 years), only one year.
16. The most precious Buddhist temple in China is supported by
It Shanxi Wutai Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in my country. When the pagoda was built in the spring of 1988, a group of Chunhua Buddha statues were built. The gold texture was more than 90%. The money diameter is 2.4 cm, 0.12 cm thick, 0.5 cm wearing, each weighing about 12 grams. The positive Qian Wen is the word "Chunhua Yuanbao" in the book, with two Buddha statues sitting on the back and sitting right. Sitting on the back of the Buddha, there is a Buddha -light screen. Both Buddha statues have lotus seats. The statue of the Buddha statue is realistic and lifelike. The Buddha's three -dimensional raised money surface is 0.2 cm, and the facial features are clearly distinguished.
Chunhua is the Northern Song Dynasty. These batch of Chunhua Yuanbao money, back casting Buddha statues, strange shapes, obviously the royal family's support for the support of the Wutai Mountain Temple at that time. The batch of golden Buddhist temples such as such a batch of golden Buddhist temples are still discovered for the first time in my country, so it has high historical value and cultural relics value.
17. China's earliest money
The so -called right money means that the two money and money are the same, the casting land is the same, the size, the outline and other shapes are exactly the same. There are two types of books. The Southern Tang Dynasty Li Yan opened Yuan Tongbao Xiaoping Qian Qian and Lishu, which was the earliest money in my country. It is said that the carcass Kaiyuan Tongbao was written for Xu Yan, a big calligrapher Xu Yan.
18. The earliest royal book coins in China
The money in ancient Chinese coins was written by the emperor himself, known as Yu Shu money. For example, the Grand View Tongbao, Chongning Tongbao and the "Shaanxi" Xuanhe Tongbao of the Northern Song Dynasty were written by Song Huizong with thin gold. The earliest Yushu Qian in my country was Chunhua Yuanbao in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty.
19. One of the most complicated names in the history of Chinese history
The Southern Song Jiading money is the most complicated name in my country's history. , Folding three and folding five types, each of which has a variety of different names, including Yuanbao, Yongbao, Zhibao, Jinbao, Xingbao, Anbao, Xinbao, Hongbao, Wanbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, and Zhengbao , Zhenbao, Chongbao, Fengbao, Bibao, Longbao, Chongbao, Bao, Tongbao, Quanbao, etc.
20. The metal coin with the largest face value
The national treasure Golden Katan is a strange coin. The word "National Treasure Gold" is read directly, and the lower part is a shovel shape. Because the money is "one -size -fifty -thousand", that is, one worth five baht is 5,000, so this money is "straight 10,000", that is, one worth five baht 10,000 yuan. Therefore, the national treasure is the largest metal coin in my country.
21. The earliest lead -quality carving mother money in China
The lead -quality carving mother money. According to historical materials, only the Qing Dynasty Guangxu Tongbao Su, Baoton, etc., other unsealed. The Yuan Dynasty Da Yuan national treasure was the first time in my country. This money is 4.6 cm in diameter and weighs 53.3 grams. The two are exactly the same in terms of making styles, thickness, and thickness of text. After the money is carved, it is prepared to cast copper coins. It may be that the word "national treasure" is not suitable for the name of the coin, or for other reasons, so no such copper coins are used. This great Yuan national treasure has a history of more than 700 years, which is more than 700 years old, which is the earliest lead -quality carving mother money in my country.
2. The earliest copper carving mother money in China
The carved mother is copper, ivory, lead, tin and other currency materials and carved by hand. Use it to cast the mother money, and then use the mother money to cast the coin. Because the coin industry also refers to the carved mother's ancestor money, and it is also the ancestor of money.
The earliest bronze sculpture mother money should be discounted for ten money for the Jiajing Tongbao of the Ming Dynasty in the Nanjing Museum. This money is golden and golden, with fine texture, smooth and smooth surface, no porosity sand eye, the word mouth is chopped, and the knife marks still exist. There are still a lot of Chinese carved mother Qian Qing Dynasty. There were only several Wanli Tongbao and Chongzhen Tongbao in the Ming Dynasty. This Jiajing Tongbao was the earliest and the best quality was the treasure of coins.
3. The earliest Chinese peasant uprising coin
The four years of Taizong Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (993) Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun, Sichuan Qingcheng, led the peasant uprising and proposed "My disease The slogan of uneven rich and poor, today is the slogan of Rujun, farmers in various places have responded. After Wang Xiaobo died, Li Shun was a leader, and his momentum was growing. In the second year, the peasant uprising captured Chengdu. Li Shun called the king, the founding of the founding country was Dalu, and the annual number was the response. Soon, the Army was suppressed by the Northern Song Dynasty Rule Group, and Li Shun died when the city was broken. Li Shun said Wang Shi Zeng Yingyun ingot and Ying Tongbao copper and iron Xiaoping money, which was very scarce. This money is now hiding the Shanghai Museum, more than 1,000 years ago, and is the earliest peasant rebel coin in my country.
24. The earliest use of the coin of the pen to reduce the pen
The earliest coins that used the use of pen -reduced characters were the "Saint Treasures" cast by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period. The Chinese characters in Qian Wen are neither the "country" nor the "country" of simplified characters, but the word "country".
25. China's largest and heaviest coin
The Hunan Provincial Museum has a Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's extra money, which has been damaged. , Thickly 0.8 cm, half -爿 weighing 2170 grams. This extra big money is bronze, which is gold all over the body. The edge is the two dragon drama pearl patterns. There is still a "holy" word on the back, with a double phoenix pattern, and the edge is the eight treasure pattern. If the money of this money is complete, it may be the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" back. Obviously, big money like this is not a circulating currency, but a dedicated coin with commemorative significance. If this money is complete, then its weight will reach about 4,500 grams, and the size is like a tea tray. Therefore, it is well deserved to say that it is my country's largest and heaviest coin.
6. The lightest coin in China
The small money in our country, sometimes small money is also called "evil money", which is a manifestation of currency depreciation. For example, the elm pod in the Western Han Dynasty, the five baht, Dong Zhuo's non -reputable money, etc. are very small, but the lightest coins are the goose eyes cast by Liu Songjing and the first year (465) of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. money. This kind of money "one thousand dollars does not make three inches long, does not sink into the water, crushed at hand, hundreds of thousands of dollars do not make a lot of money." Because it is too small and it is not easy to save, it is difficult to see its real thing today after 1,500 years.
7. The earliest silver coin in China with images of characters
In the late Qing Dynasty, the British rupees in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty flowing into Tibet in the Embassy of India, and penetrating into Sichuan, Yunnan and other places, so that the southwest border is in the southwest border. Economics is severely damaged. In order to resist the invasion of the Indian rupee, the Qing government of the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906) decided to formally cast the Sichuan rupee by the Sichuan Bank of China. There are three types of rupees, half rupees, and a quarter of rupees. The center flowers are divided into straight flowers and horizontal flowers, and there are fewer horizontal flowers. The front of India's rupee is cast with a half -body image of Empress Victoria, while the Sichuan rupee has a half -body image of Emperor Guangxu. It is the earliest silver coin in my country, and it is also the only formal circulation currency with the statue of emperors.
8. The earliest officially circulating silver coins in China
The money used in my country to use silver money very early, but before the Qing Dynasty, silver money was used as rewards and storage, instead of formal circulation currency. The Qianlong Treasures, which are officially circulated in my country in the 57th year of the Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1792), should be the earliest. There are three products in this silver coin. The big one is one money and five points. The coin is made by hand, and the money is very thin, commonly known as "thin pieces". The front of the money is the four words "Qianlong Treasure" in Chinese, and the back is Tanggu text, which also means "Qianlong Treasure". The center of the coin has a square frame pattern, symbolizing square holes, but it has not penetrated. The edges are cast in the year, which are divided into three types: 58 years, 59th and sixty years.
9. The earliest machine casting silver coins in China
The casting history of silver coins in my country for a long time, but both use the two methods of casting and hand -made. By the 19th century, the machinery industry of all countries in the world flourished, and machinery coins have appeared, so that my country's original cointer technology will appear very backward. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the "Jilin Factory" silver coin, which represents advanced craftsmanship, was born. It was produced by the Jilin Machine Administration and was the earliest silver coin cast by machines in my country.
"Jilin Factory Ping" has a total of five silver coins. The center of the front is twelve Chinese characters "Produced by the Jilin Machines Bureau of the Ten Years of Guangxu". There is a dragon on both sides of the text, and a "life" character on the upper end. The central box on the back is the flat discipline value of the Chinese Wenwen factory, the outer circle is the corresponding Manchu text, and there is a pattern pattern. This kind of silver coin was cast in the Qing court during the casting, but it was not approved.
30. The earliest Longyang in China
The late Qing Dynasty, many provinces in my country have cast silver coins. Essence The earliest Long Yang in China was the Guangdong Longyang, which was cast by Zhang Zhidong.
The 13th year of Guangxu (1887) Governor Zhang Zhidong, Zhang Zhidong, saw a large number of foreign silver coins flowing into China, flooding the market and disturbing the economy. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), the Qing government approved the silver coin by the Guangdong Yinyuan Bureau. This silver coin was "four characters in Guangxu Yuanbao, there were four full text in the center, and they were also" Guangxu ingot ". The words "Guangdong Province" and "Seven Money and Three points" are the dragon pattern on the back, the words "Guangdong Province" on the top, and below are "Kuping Seven Money and Three points". There are four types of noodles such as six centimeters, seven cents, three cents, and three -cents and six cents. The coin industry is called "seven and three fan boards", and then changed to seven money two points, called "seven two fan boards". This is the earliest casting in China. Silver coins with dragon pattern. The sample coin was sent to the post -household department of Beijing to order the front of the front English to the back, and the Chinese on the back of the back became a widespread Guangdong Longyang. n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n R n 31. The earliest copper dollar in China
In the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the rise and development of modern industry, a major change in China's currency system and coinning process. It seems very backward, and it is taken for granted by the machine coin method. As far as copper coins are concerned, the Guangdong Mint first casts the first set of mechanisms in China in the 26th year of Guangxu (1900). Round and non -pervasion, the money surface is a circle in the middle, there are four Chinese characters "Guangxu ingot", the center of the Manchu "Baoguang" is the word "Bao Guang". There is a dragon pattern in the circle in the middle of the Qianshou, and there are English "Cent" (one immortal in Guangdong). In the future, the provinces have imitated the Guangdong copper Yuanyuan, which are basic shapes.
32. The earliest banknote in China now
If in China during the Northern Song Dynasty, it has set up diplomatic relations in Yizhou, Sichuan, which is officially issued by the country. "Jiaozi", but this kind of intersection can no longer see the real thing now.
. In 1982, the Chinese government repaired the Baita of the Liaoning in the east suburbs of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. A banknotes were found in the accumulated earth "Zhongtong ingot Banking · One Text". This banknote is 16.4 cm long and 9.3 cm wide. The front and bottom of the front and the back are covered with red official seal, which is nine stacked. Press 1260. In the beginning of the year of the Yuan Dynasty, Tongbao banknotes were traveled. In 1269, Basba created a new Mongolian text. There was no Busta text on this treasure banknote, so it was issued during 1260 to 1269, which was earlier than other existing Yuan Dynasty banknotes. . Therefore, this "China Tongbao Makes Banknotes · One Pickup" is the earliest existing banknote in China and the earliest real money in the world today.
The early days of the Ming Dynasty, once imitated the early methods of the Yuan Dynasty, using banknotes without money, but soon changed to money banknote and used for money. N's banknotes of the Ming Dynasty were issued by Taizu Hongwu in the eight years (1375). There were dragon -patterned flower fences around, and the six characters of the "Daming Tongcheng Treasure Banknotes" were on it. The book: "Damingbao Banknotes, the world pass", there are ancient money patterns in the middle. The following is "Chinese book provinces are printed, used with money to make money, fake people cut, and the catcher loans 2502" At the end, there are Hongwu years and days. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu, the province of China was abolished. There were six departments. There are six types of Damingbao note, two hundred texts, two hundred articles, three hundred articles, four hundred texts, five hundred texts, and consistent consistent. Among them, the consistent banknote is about 34 cm long and about 22 cm wide. It is also the world's largest paper currency.
34. The smallest note in China
The first year of Qing Xuan Tong (1909) Zhejiang Province renamed the original official silver number to Zhejiang Bank. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912, ) It was renamed the Bank of China Zhejiang, which was originally an official office. In the 4th year of the Republic of China (1915), it was changed to Zhejiang Local Industrial Bank. In the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923), officials and commerce shares were separated and each operated. Commercial stocks were called Zhejiang Industrial Bank, and official stocks were called local banks in Zhejiang. In order to solve the shortcomings of the auxiliary currency at that time, a banknotes with a denomination of one point were issued. This kind of banknotes were only 5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. It was by far the smallest note in my country.
35. One of the earliest in China
Thenan, which was collected by the Shi Lei Institute of the Director of the Issuing Section of Bank of China in 1948, was the RMB of Wu Shiyuan. my country's first RMB.
On December 1, 1948, the North China People's Government issued the fourth gold notice. The notice said: "In order to meet the needs of the national economy, the special businessmen have agreed to the Shandong Provincial Government, Shaanxi -Gansu -Ningxin, and Jinsui District Government." North China Bank is the head bank. From December 1 this year, the People's Bank of China has issued banknotes, which is designated as the standard currency of North China, East China, and Northwest China. "On the day of the issuance, Shi Lei was agreed by the relevant departments Later, the first batch of the first batch of RMB was replaced with Hebei South Banknary, and it was treasured to this day.
This of the RMB noodles collected by Shi Lei is "Wu Picai Coupon", the crown word is Roman word "Ⅰ Ⅲ", and the number is "00000001". The Chinese characters on the renminbi, including the "People's Bank of China", "Republic of China", and "Wu Shiyuan", were written by Dong Biwu, who was the chairman of the North China People's Government at the time, and the fonts were beautiful and generous.
36. The largest bank currency in China
During the period of the Kuomintang's rule, social turmoil and economic depression. In order to cope with the passive situation of inflation, the pseudo -government has continuously issued large banknotes, and large -scale banknotes such as 100,000, million, and millions have been introduced. Among them, the largest denomination was the "6 billion circle" banknotes, which was issued in Xinjiang in 1949.
37. The earliest coin of China based on the text of ethnic minorities
In 1977, an Khitan text was unearthed in the Liao Shangjing site, which was interpreted as "Tian Chao Wanshun" or " Long live by Tianchao ", according to the research, was cast before the founding of the founding of Yelu Abao (907). This should be the earliest coin in China with the text of ethnic minorities.
38. The earliest monograph in China
The earliest coin learning monograph in my country is Gu Yan's "Money Spectrum". Gu Yan was a Liang people in the North and South Dynasties. He was a church in Jian'an and gave him a marquis. According to the "Quan Zhi" records in the Southern Song Dynasty: "(Ancient coins) years old, the class is overwhelmed. Liang Gujie began to be a book. After that, this can be preferred. " Unfortunately, this earliest coin book has been lost.
39. The earliest existing coin science work in China
The coin science heritage of my country is very rich. The northern Song Dynasty's coin studies have been lost. The earliest coin spectrum that survives today should be pushed in the book "Quan Zhi" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Hong Zun (1120 ~ 1174), from Puyang (now Boyang, Jiangxi) in the Southern Song Dynasty. At the age of 23, he was given a scholar, and the post was positive as the secretary. Former bachelor of Zizheng Hall, died of Yinan. He is the author of "Booking True History", "Hanyuan Qun Book" and "Spectrum Shuang". Among them, the book "Quan Zhi" is the most. "Quan Zhi" was written in Shaoxing 19 years (1149), and a total of 348 coins were recorded, including Yongguang, Jinghe, Tiancheng, Qianfeng Quanbao, big money, Tiance, Yonglong, Tiande, Tongyong goods, Tianzan, Tianzan Equins are all the coins. "Quan Zhi" has unique insights on the disconnection of the pre -Qin currency, and has a great impact on the research on the study of the later generations of the country.
There are many "most coins" in my country's long history.
1. The earliest coin in China
Our ancestors of the original society were originally used to exchange objects as a means of commodity exchange. However, with the continuous development of productivity, more and more remaining items are increasing, and the types of exchanges are continuously increasing, and physical exchange seems not convenient. From the beginning, it is necessary to use some natural objects as a means to exchange goods. Because the shell itself has a natural unit, and it is lightweight and easy to carry. At the same time, in the primitive society, the ancestors have already used shells as decorations and are familiar with it. Therefore, it can be said that Bei is the earliest currency in my country. Natural shells are used to start. In the future, artificially manufactured bone shellfish, stone shells, pottery and copper shells.
2. The earliest gold coins in China
Minic in business and weekly, but the first gold was used as an decoration or a reward, a gift, a gift, a gift of. In our country, gold as a currency should be the earliest.
The golden version of this golden version looks like a piece of tofu, with many marks on it, including "郢爰", "Chen 爰", "鬲爰", etc. Need to be temporarily cut off. Because most of the imprints on the gold version are "郢爰", it is called "郢爰 郢爰" or "郢爰 郢爰 cake". These marks are the same as seal, and later some people called it "Yinzijin".
3. The earliest silver coins in China
The autumn of 1974, farmers in ancient city village in Fugou County, Henan Province found a three -legged belt covering copper tripod, inside, inside, inside There are 18 silver cloth coins, weighing 3072.9 grams. The silver coins are all shovel. According to the size of the cloth body, it can be divided into long, medium, and short type, of which the largest is 15.7 cm long, 5.8 cm wide, and weighs 188.1 grams; the smallest is 8.4 cm long, 5.8 cm wide, and weighs 134 grams. "China Coin" was introduced in the third issue of 1983. From the characteristics of styling and production, these silver cloth coins are the earliest silver currencies discovered in my country in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
4. The earliest unified bloom currency in China
The political situation in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, due to the political situation of vassals, caused imbalances in economic development in various places, and produced various characteristics of various characteristics The currency shape forms different types of currency circulation areas, which is basically four currency systems with different shapes, namely the shell currency system, the cloth currency system, the knife coin system and the money system.
Pholy Qin Shihuang unified China, abolished the knife, cloth, and shell, and money, reforming my country's monetary system, and promulgating the decree for this. "The Qin law is the same as the world, and the Qin currency is the same as the world." It stipulates that gold is the currency, and half two money is the lower coin. Gold is used for large payment or rewards, while half two dollars are daily currency. Qin Ban two "qualitative like Zhou Qian, the text is half or two, and it is like its text", which is the earliest unified border currency in my country.
5. The earliest golden square hole round money in China
The five baht gold coins unearthed under the north of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, its shape and common ones The five baht of the Western Han Dynasty is the same. The round square holes and the front and back of the money have contours. The diameter is 2.55 cm. According to the appraisal of coin experts, the casting time of this Western Han Dynasty five baht gold coins should be between Emperor Emperor Yuanxing and the Four years of the Emperor Xuan Emperor. It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Golden square hole round money.
6. The earliest silver square hole round money in China
two silver five baht unearthed from the sixth dynasties outside the Huangjiaying 5th Dynasties outside the Guanghua Gate of Nanjing. The baht may also be imitation in the Six Dynasties. It should be the earliest silver square hole round money in my country so far, which may be the burial coin.
7. The earliest iron money in China
The earlier iron coin historical data. The earliest iron money in my country was the iron five baht made by Gongsun in the late Western Han Dynasty. This is denied. After liberation, a large number of iron quality was unearthed in the ancient tombs of the Western Han Dynasty in Changsha, Hengyang, and Xi'an, Hunan, my country. , Fang Kong Wu Guo or Guo, its shape and weight are very similar to the four baht and half or half of the Emperor Wen. Therefore, it can be said that the early iron quality of this kind of Western Han Dynasty was the earliest iron money in my country.
8. The earliest lead money in China
The various lead money of tombs or cellars in all parts of our country, such as lead, lead money, lead quality Daquan fifty, lead quality five baht and so on. However, these lead money is either underworld, or the fake money for private privately, not the real official casting currency. my country's official casting lead money should be the earliest to know that the King of Fujian in the second year of Liang Zhenming (916) was the earliest. Three types of characters.
9. The earliest coin of China's error gold technology
Wang Mang carried out the first currency system reform in the second year (AD 7). In addition to the continued exercise of five baht, three new currencies were issued, namely Daquan fifty, deed knife five hundred, and one knife flat.
The shape of the five thousand flats is very similar to the current key. The money body consists of two parts: the knife ring and the handle. The three words of Ping Five Three, of which the word "one knife" is made by gold, commonly known as the "gold wrong knife", each worth five baht 5,000 yuan.
Thenian flat five thousand is the earliest use of my country, and it is also the only coin made of wrong gold technology. Because it is exquisite, strangely shaped, and scarce in the world, it is cherished by coin collectors. In ancient Chinese poetry, there are also a lot of praise for the "Golden Dao", such as Du Fu's poems: "Golden Words, Silver Pot Wine".
10. The most used coin in China
In July 1861, Emperor Qingxianfeng was in danger of avoiding the summer villa in Chengde, Rehe Wait for eight people to praise the Minister of Government and deal with state affairs. Soon, Emperor Xianfeng died of illness. The eight ministers followed the widow and supported Chun as the emperor. In the name of her and Ci'an, Cixi contacted Prince Gong Yixin, who was staying in Beijing at the time, launched a palace coup on September 30, arrested eight ministers, and executed three people such as Su Shun. This is the famous "Xinyi coup", also known as the "Qixiang coup". Soon, Cixi adopted a university scholar Zhou Zupei to discuss, abolished the "Qixiang" year, discontinued "Qixiang" money, switched to the "Tongzhi" year, and cast the "Tongzhi" coins. The "Qixiang" year was determined on July 26th of the 11th year of Xianfeng, but it was abolished on October 5 of that year. Only 69 days existing. coin.
11. The earliest year of the year in China
This use of the year of the Chinese emperor to start with the Emperor Western Han Dynasty, but the earliest money in history is Li Shou Hanyu money cast. Li Shou was the nephew of Li Te, the leader of the Western Jin Dynasty. In the four years of Xiankang (338) in Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was the emperor in Chengdu. The Hanxing Line can be divided into two ways in accordance with Qianwen: one is arranged up and down, commonly known as "erection of Hanxing" or "straight Hanxing", and the other is the left and right arrangement, commonly known as "Heng Hanxing".
12. The earliest national number in China and casting money
The king of the Xia Dynasty in 419 AD, the King of the Xia Kingdom, also unified (now Baichengzi, Jingbian, Shaanxi) , Change Yuan Zhenxing and cast "Daxia Zhenxing" money. Daxia Nai Guo, Zhenxing Nai Nian. "Daxia Zhenxing" money is the earliest coin in my country and the annual number of the country.
13. The earliest right hole round money in China
laes of Lingling's sages said: "Liu Bei pulled Chengdu, military use is insufficient, and Liu Ba said. : "Yi Er, but when you cast a hundred dollars, the price is flat. 'Prepare it. For a few months, the treasury is enriched." There is a kind of straight baht with the word "for" on the back. Liu Bei is cast in Sichuan. It is the earliest square hole round money in my country.
14. The earliest coin of China's earlier casting age
The Chinese coins have been cast in the back of the money back from the seventh year of Xiaozong, Southern Song Dynasty, and the seven years of Chunzhao The money casts a "面" on the back, and the eight years of money cast the word "捌" on the back of the money, all of which are capitalized. From nine years to a lowercase, until the sixteenth. This method continued until the end of the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, Chunxi ingot is the earliest coin in my country to cast the semi -year -olds.
15. The first year number of the Tang Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty
The people mistakenly believe that Kaiyuan Tongbao was the first annual money of the Tang Dynasty in my country. In fact, this was wrong. Kaiyuan was the year of Tang Xuanzong in 713 AD, and Kaiyuan Tongbao began to cast in the four years of Tang Gaozu Wud (621). The "Kaiyuan" in Kaiyuan Tongbao Qianwen is not the year, but the meaning of "opening a new era". So what is the first annual money in the Tang Dynasty? It is Qianfengquan, which was cast in the first year (666) of Tang Gaozong's Qianfeng (666 years), only one year.
16. The most precious Buddhist temple in China is supported by
It Shanxi Wutai Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in my country. When the pagoda was built in the spring of 1988, a group of Chunhua Buddha statues were built. The gold texture was more than 90%. The money diameter is 2.4 cm, 0.12 cm thick, 0.5 cm wearing, each weighing about 12 grams. The positive Qian Wen is the word "Chunhua Yuanbao" in the book, with two Buddha statues sitting on the back and sitting right. Sitting on the back of the Buddha, there is a Buddha -light screen. Both Buddha statues have lotus seats. The statue of the Buddha statue is realistic and lifelike. The Buddha's three -dimensional raised money surface is 0.2 cm, and the facial features are clearly distinguished.
Chunhua is the Northern Song Dynasty. These batch of Chunhua Yuanbao money, back casting Buddha statues, strange shapes, obviously the royal family's support for the support of the Wutai Mountain Temple at that time. The batch of golden Buddhist temples such as such a batch of golden Buddhist temples are still discovered for the first time in my country, so it has high historical value and cultural relics value.
17. China's earliest money
The so -called right money means that the two money and money are the same, the casting land is the same, the size, the outline and other shapes are exactly the same. There are two types of books. The Southern Tang Dynasty Li Yan opened Yuan Tongbao Xiaoping Qian Qian and Lishu, which was the earliest money in my country. It is said that the carcass Kaiyuan Tongbao was written for Xu Yan, a big calligrapher Xu Yan.
18. The earliest royal book coins in China
The money in ancient Chinese coins was written by the emperor himself, known as Yu Shu money. For example, the Grand View Tongbao, Chongning Tongbao and the "Shaanxi" Xuanhe Tongbao of the Northern Song Dynasty were written by Song Huizong with thin gold. The earliest Yushu Qian in my country was Chunhua Yuanbao in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty.
19. One of the most complicated names in the history of Chinese history
The Southern Song Jiading money is the most complicated name in my country's history. , Folding three and folding five types, each of which has a variety of different names, including Yuanbao, Yongbao, Zhibao, Jinbao, Xingbao, Anbao, Xinbao, Hongbao, Wanbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, Zhengbao, and Zhengbao , Zhenbao, Chongbao, Fengbao, Bibao, Longbao, Chongbao, Bao, Tongbao, Quanbao, etc.
20. The metal coin with the largest face value
The national treasure Golden Katan is a strange coin. The word "National Treasure Gold" is read directly, and the lower part is a shovel shape. Because the money is "one -size -fifty -thousand", that is, one worth five baht is 5,000, so this money is "straight 10,000", that is, one worth five baht 10,000 yuan. Therefore, the national treasure is the largest metal coin in my country.
21. The earliest lead -quality carving mother money in China
The lead -quality carving mother money. According to historical materials, only the Qing Dynasty Guangxu Tongbao Su, Baoton, etc., other unsealed. The Yuan Dynasty Da Yuan national treasure was the first time in my country. This money is 4.6 cm in diameter and weighs 53.3 grams. The two are exactly the same in terms of making styles, thickness, and thickness of text. After the money is carved, it is prepared to cast copper coins. It may be that the word "national treasure" is not suitable for the name of the coin, or for other reasons, so no such copper coins are used. This great Yuan national treasure has a history of more than 700 years, which is more than 700 years old, which is the earliest lead -quality carving mother money in my country.
2. The earliest copper carving mother money in China
The carved mother is copper, ivory, lead, tin and other currency materials and carved by hand. Use it to cast the mother money, and then use the mother money to cast the coin. Because the coin industry also refers to the carved mother's ancestor money, and it is also the ancestor of money.
The earliest bronze sculpture mother money should be discounted for ten money for the Jiajing Tongbao of the Ming Dynasty in the Nanjing Museum. This money is golden and golden, with fine texture, smooth and smooth surface, no porosity sand eye, the word mouth is chopped, and the knife marks still exist. There are still a lot of Chinese carved mother Qian Qing Dynasty. There were only several Wanli Tongbao and Chongzhen Tongbao in the Ming Dynasty. This Jiajing Tongbao was the earliest and the best quality was the treasure of coins.
3. The earliest Chinese peasant uprising coin
The four years of Taizong Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (993) Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun, Sichuan Qingcheng, led the peasant uprising and proposed "My disease The slogan of uneven rich and poor, today is the slogan of Rujun, farmers in various places have responded. After Wang Xiaobo died, Li Shun was a leader, and his momentum was growing. In the second year, the peasant uprising captured Chengdu. Li Shun called the king, the founding of the founding country was Dalu, and the annual number was the response. Soon, the Army was suppressed by the Northern Song Dynasty Rule Group, and Li Shun died when the city was broken. Li Shun said Wang Shi Zeng Yingyun ingot and Ying Tongbao copper and iron Xiaoping money, which was very scarce. This money is now hiding the Shanghai Museum, more than 1,000 years ago, and is the earliest peasant rebel coin in my country.
24. The earliest use of the coin of the pen to reduce the pen
The earliest coins that used the use of pen -reduced characters were the "Saint Treasures" cast by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period. The Chinese characters in Qian Wen are neither the "country" nor the "country" of simplified characters, but the word "country".
25. China's largest and heaviest coin
The Hunan Provincial Museum has a Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's extra money, which has been damaged. , Thickly 0.8 cm, half -爿 weighing 2170 grams. This extra big money is bronze, which is gold all over the body. The edge is the two dragon drama pearl patterns. There is still a "holy" word on the back, with a double phoenix pattern, and the edge is the eight treasure pattern. If the money of this money is complete, it may be the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" back. Obviously, big money like this is not a circulating currency, but a dedicated coin with commemorative significance. If this money is complete, then its weight will reach about 4,500 grams, and the size is like a tea tray. Therefore, it is well deserved to say that it is my country's largest and heaviest coin.
6. The lightest coin in China
The small money in our country, sometimes small money is also called "evil money", which is a manifestation of currency depreciation. For example, the elm pod in the Western Han Dynasty, the five baht, Dong Zhuo's non -reputable money, etc. are very small, but the lightest coins are the goose eyes cast by Liu Songjing and the first year (465) of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. money. This kind of money "one thousand dollars does not make three inches long, does not sink into the water, crushed at hand, hundreds of thousands of dollars do not make a lot of money." Because it is too small and it is not easy to save, it is difficult to see its real thing today after 1,500 years.
7. The earliest silver coin in China with images of characters
In the late Qing Dynasty, the British rupees in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty flowing into Tibet in the Embassy of India, and penetrating into Sichuan, Yunnan and other places, so that the southwest border is in the southwest border. Economics is severely damaged. In order to resist the invasion of the Indian rupee, the Qing government of the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906) decided to formally cast the Sichuan rupee by the Sichuan Bank of China. There are three types of rupees, half rupees, and a quarter of rupees. The center flowers are divided into straight flowers and horizontal flowers, and there are fewer horizontal flowers. The front of India's rupee is cast with a half -body image of Empress Victoria, while the Sichuan rupee has a half -body image of Emperor Guangxu. It is the earliest silver coin in my country, and it is also the only formal circulation currency with the statue of emperors.
8. The earliest officially circulating silver coins in China
The money used in my country to use silver money very early, but before the Qing Dynasty, silver money was used as rewards and storage, instead of formal circulation currency. The Qianlong Treasures, which are officially circulated in my country in the 57th year of the Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1792), should be the earliest. There are three products in this silver coin. The big one is one money and five points. The coin is made by hand, and the money is very thin, commonly known as "thin pieces". The front of the money is the four words "Qianlong Treasure" in Chinese, and the back is Tanggu text, which also means "Qianlong Treasure". The center of the coin has a square frame pattern, symbolizing square holes, but it has not penetrated. The edges are cast in the year, which are divided into three types: 58 years, 59th and sixty years.
9. The earliest machine casting silver coins in China
The casting history of silver coins in my country for a long time, but both use the two methods of casting and hand -made. By the 19th century, the machinery industry of all countries in the world flourished, and machinery coins have appeared, so that my country's original cointer technology will appear very backward. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the "Jilin Factory" silver coin, which represents advanced craftsmanship, was born. It was produced by the Jilin Machine Administration and was the earliest silver coin cast by machines in my country.
"Jilin Factory Ping" has a total of five silver coins. The center of the front is twelve Chinese characters "Produced by the Jilin Machines Bureau of the Ten Years of Guangxu". There is a dragon on both sides of the text, and a "life" character on the upper end. The central box on the back is the flat discipline value of the Chinese Wenwen factory, the outer circle is the corresponding Manchu text, and there is a pattern pattern. This kind of silver coin was cast in the Qing court during the casting, but it was not approved.
30. The earliest Longyang in China
The late Qing Dynasty, many provinces in my country have cast silver coins. Essence The earliest Long Yang in China was the Guangdong Longyang, which was cast by Zhang Zhidong.
The 13th year of Guangxu (1887) Governor Zhang Zhidong, Zhang Zhidong, saw a large number of foreign silver coins flowing into China, flooding the market and disturbing the economy. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), the Qing government approved the silver coin by the Guangdong Yinyuan Bureau. This silver coin was "four characters in Guangxu Yuanbao, there were four full text in the center, and they were also" Guangxu ingot ". The words "Guangdong Province" and "Seven Money and Three points" are the dragon pattern on the back, the words "Guangdong Province" on the top, and below are "Kuping Seven Money and Three points". There are four types of noodles such as six centimeters, seven cents, three cents, and three -cents and six cents. The coin industry is called "seven and three fan boards", and then changed to seven money two points, called "seven two fan boards". This is the earliest casting in China. Silver coins with dragon pattern. The sample coin was sent to the post -household department of Beijing to order the front of the front English to the back, and the Chinese on the back of the back became a widespread Guangdong Longyang.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n R n 31. The earliest copper dollar in China
In the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the rise and development of modern industry, a major change in China's currency system and coinning process. It seems very backward, and it is taken for granted by the machine coin method. As far as copper coins are concerned, the Guangdong Mint first casts the first set of mechanisms in China in the 26th year of Guangxu (1900). Round and non -pervasion, the money surface is a circle in the middle, there are four Chinese characters "Guangxu ingot", the center of the Manchu "Baoguang" is the word "Bao Guang". There is a dragon pattern in the circle in the middle of the Qianshou, and there are English "Cent" (one immortal in Guangdong). In the future, the provinces have imitated the Guangdong copper Yuanyuan, which are basic shapes.
32. The earliest banknote in China now
If in China during the Northern Song Dynasty, it has set up diplomatic relations in Yizhou, Sichuan, which is officially issued by the country. "Jiaozi", but this kind of intersection can no longer see the real thing now.
. In 1982, the Chinese government repaired the Baita of the Liaoning in the east suburbs of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. A banknotes were found in the accumulated earth "Zhongtong ingot Banking · One Text". This banknote is 16.4 cm long and 9.3 cm wide. The front and bottom of the front and the back are covered with red official seal, which is nine stacked. Press 1260. In the beginning of the year of the Yuan Dynasty, Tongbao banknotes were traveled. In 1269, Basba created a new Mongolian text. There was no Busta text on this treasure banknote, so it was issued during 1260 to 1269, which was earlier than other existing Yuan Dynasty banknotes. . Therefore, this "China Tongbao Makes Banknotes · One Pickup" is the earliest existing banknote in China and the earliest real money in the world today.
The early days of the Ming Dynasty, once imitated the early methods of the Yuan Dynasty, using banknotes without money, but soon changed to money banknote and used for money. N's banknotes of the Ming Dynasty were issued by Taizu Hongwu in the eight years (1375). There were dragon -patterned flower fences around, and the six characters of the "Daming Tongcheng Treasure Banknotes" were on it. The book: "Damingbao Banknotes, the world pass", there are ancient money patterns in the middle. The following is "Chinese book provinces are printed, used with money to make money, fake people cut, and the catcher loans 2502" At the end, there are Hongwu years and days. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu, the province of China was abolished. There were six departments. There are six types of Damingbao note, two hundred texts, two hundred articles, three hundred articles, four hundred texts, five hundred texts, and consistent consistent. Among them, the consistent banknote is about 34 cm long and about 22 cm wide. It is also the world's largest paper currency.
34. The smallest note in China
The first year of Qing Xuan Tong (1909) Zhejiang Province renamed the original official silver number to Zhejiang Bank. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912, ) It was renamed the Bank of China Zhejiang, which was originally an official office. In the 4th year of the Republic of China (1915), it was changed to Zhejiang Local Industrial Bank. In the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923), officials and commerce shares were separated and each operated. Commercial stocks were called Zhejiang Industrial Bank, and official stocks were called local banks in Zhejiang. In order to solve the shortcomings of the auxiliary currency at that time, a banknotes with a denomination of one point were issued. This kind of banknotes were only 5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. It was by far the smallest note in my country.
35. One of the earliest in China
Thenan, which was collected by the Shi Lei Institute of the Director of the Issuing Section of Bank of China in 1948, was the RMB of Wu Shiyuan. my country's first RMB.
On December 1, 1948, the North China People's Government issued the fourth gold notice. The notice said: "In order to meet the needs of the national economy, the special businessmen have agreed to the Shandong Provincial Government, Shaanxi -Gansu -Ningxin, and Jinsui District Government." North China Bank is the head bank. From December 1 this year, the People's Bank of China has issued banknotes, which is designated as the standard currency of North China, East China, and Northwest China. "On the day of the issuance, Shi Lei was agreed by the relevant departments Later, the first batch of the first batch of RMB was replaced with Hebei South Banknary, and it was treasured to this day.
This of the RMB noodles collected by Shi Lei is "Wu Picai Coupon", the crown word is Roman word "Ⅰ Ⅲ", and the number is "00000001". The Chinese characters on the renminbi, including the "People's Bank of China", "Republic of China", and "Wu Shiyuan", were written by Dong Biwu, who was the chairman of the North China People's Government at the time, and the fonts were beautiful and generous.
36. The largest bank currency in China
During the period of the Kuomintang's rule, social turmoil and economic depression. In order to cope with the passive situation of inflation, the pseudo -government has continuously issued large banknotes, and large -scale banknotes such as 100,000, million, and millions have been introduced. Among them, the largest denomination was the "6 billion circle" banknotes, which was issued in Xinjiang in 1949.
37. The earliest coin of China based on the text of ethnic minorities
In 1977, an Khitan text was unearthed in the Liao Shangjing site, which was interpreted as "Tian Chao Wanshun" or " Long live by Tianchao ", according to the research, was cast before the founding of the founding of Yelu Abao (907). This should be the earliest coin in China with the text of ethnic minorities.
38. The earliest monograph in China
The earliest coin learning monograph in my country is Gu Yan's "Money Spectrum". Gu Yan was a Liang people in the North and South Dynasties. He was a church in Jian'an and gave him a marquis. According to the "Quan Zhi" records in the Southern Song Dynasty: "(Ancient coins) years old, the class is overwhelmed. Liang Gujie began to be a book. After that, this can be preferred. " Unfortunately, this earliest coin book has been lost.
39. The earliest existing coin science work in China
The coin science heritage of my country is very rich. The northern Song Dynasty's coin studies have been lost. The earliest coin spectrum that survives today should be pushed in the book "Quan Zhi" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Hong Zun (1120 ~ 1174), from Puyang (now Boyang, Jiangxi) in the Southern Song Dynasty. At the age of 23, he was given a scholar, and the post was positive as the secretary. Former bachelor of Zizheng Hall, died of Yinan. He is the author of "Booking True History", "Hanyuan Qun Book" and "Spectrum Shuang". Among them, the book "Quan Zhi" is the most. "Quan Zhi" was written in Shaoxing 19 years (1149), and a total of 348 coins were recorded, including Yongguang, Jinghe, Tiancheng, Qianfeng Quanbao, big money, Tiance, Yonglong, Tiande, Tongyong goods, Tianzan, Tianzan Equins are all the coins. "Quan Zhi" has unique insights on the disconnection of the pre -Qin currency, and has a great impact on the research on the study of the later generations of the country.